ITER组织：中核工程联合体助力ITER真空室安装

近日，ITER组织官网发布主题文章，对中核工程联合体在ITER真空室组装工作中的突出贡献予以专题报道。文章回顾了联合体自2019年参与ITER项目以来，在扇区模块组装、工期优化及团队协作等方面取得的显著成绩。

策马扬鞭：中核工程联合体助力ITER真空室安装

Galloping ahead in the Year of the Horse

得益于经验积累、团队协同配合与流程持续优化，ITER主机安装过程中一项最为复杂的真空室安装工作持续超前于计划推进。在这支工作团队中，中核工程联合体作用日益凸显，其在主机安装中的职责范围也在不断拓展。

Vacuum vessel assembly is continuing ahead of schedule at ITER, as one of the most complex activities of machine assembly is showing the benefits of experience,coordination,and continuous process improvement. Among the teams contributing to this progress is the CNPE Consortium, whose role in machine assembly has expanded over time.

通过持续开展经验总结，安装效率不断优化。图为中核工程联合体工作人员观察即将吊入翻转工装的环向场线圈，这是其成为扇区模块组成部分的关键步骤。

2026年2月中国农历新年前夕，又一扇区模块成功转移至托卡马克主机大厅庆祝仪式在ITER现场举行。来自ITER各方的项目负责人、工程师、技术人员及承包商代表齐聚一堂，现场气氛热烈。在经历了因疫情及后续关键部件修复而导致的工期延误的情况下，真空室安装工作不仅重回正轨，更实现了超前推进。

In the days leading up to the start of the Chinese New Year in February 2026, a ceremony was held to mark another successful sector module transfer to the tokamak pit. Project leaders, engineers, technicians, and contractors from across the ITER ecosystem were jubilant: after delays accumulated earlier in the decade due to the pandemic and then the repair of key components, vacuum vessel assembly was not just back on track, it was ahead of schedule.

仪式现场，ITER组织总干事彼得罗·巴拉巴斯基(Pietro Barabaschi)、工程建设负责人塞尔吉奥·奥兰迪(Sergio Orlandi)以及主机安装项目经理延斯·赖希(Jens Reich)特别对中核工程联合体在支持主机安装过程中作出的贡献表示赞赏。

Amid the hum of conversation, ITER Director-General Pietro Barabaschi, Head of the Construction Project Sergio Orlandi, and Machine Assembly Program Manager Jens Reich took a moment to highlight the contribution of the CNPE Consortium, one of the industrial teams supporting machine assembly activities.

“我们即将迎来红火马年，这与当下非常契合。”Jens Reich对在场人员表示。“在中国生肖文化中，马象征着前进与快速进步。正是在中核工程联合体的支持下，让我们在ITER共同取得了这些成绩。”

"It is fitting that we are about to start the Year of the Fire Horse," Jens Reich told the assembled crowd. "In the Chinese zodiac, the horse is associated with moving forward and rapid progress and this is something we have been able to achieve together at ITER with the support of the CNPE Consortium."

作为中核工程联合体的一员，法国法马通公司主要负责质量保证与监管合规。图为法马通团队成员站在一个即将完工的扇区模块前，该模块计划于7月转移至托卡马克主机大厅。

2019年，中核工程联合体与ITER组织签署TAC1主机安装合同，成为ITER主机安装项目的一员，负责低温恒温器、磁体等主要部件安装。当时，该国际联合体由中国核电工程有限公司、中国核工业二三建设有限公司、核工业西南物理研究院、中国科学院等离子体物理研究所四家中国单位与法国法马通公司共同组成。自合同启动以来，该联合体的工作范围与影响力持续扩大。

The CNPE Consortium became part of the ITER machine assembly project in 2019 when it signed the TAC1 machine assembly contract, with responsibility for installing major components such as the cryostat and the magnets. At the time, the international consortium was composed of four partners from China (China Nuclear Power Engineering Co., China Nuclear Industry 23 Construction Company, the Southwestern Institute of Physics, and the Institute of Plasma Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences) and one from France (Framatome). Since that contract kicked off, the consortium's scope and impact have continuously expanded.

目前，该联合体还承担了扇区模块的预安装、主机大厅扇区安装(不含焊接)以及扇区安装前的焊前定位与准备工作。与此同时，现场工作人员从最初的90人增至220人，并引入了意大利SIMIC等新的工业合作伙伴。

The consortium is now also responsible for sector module sub-assembly, sector module assembly in the pit (excluding welding), and the pre-welding positioning and preparation of the sectors in the pit. In parallel, its presence has grown from 90 to 220 people on site and it has added new industrial partners along the way, such as the Italian industrial firm SIMIC.

“我认为相关成绩的取得源于扎实的过往业绩。”即将卸任的中核工程联合体负责人邰江表示。“这主要归于两个方面因素。一是ITER管理层的支持。我们的工作与工程、采购、设备供应、问题解决和快速决策密切相关。二是联合体汇集了一支能力互补的强大团队，专业涵盖核工程建设、设备安装、聚变技术，对法国监管体系和工业环境也有深入理解。”

"I think we have arrived at this point because of our strong track record," says Tai Jiang, the outgoing head of the CNPE Consortium. "I credit two main factors. The first is the support of ITER's management, because we depend on engineering, procurement, equipment supply, problem-solving, and rapid decision-making. The second is that our consortium brings together a strong team with complementary expertise, ranging from nuclear construction and equipment assembly to fusion expertise and a deep understanding of the French regulatory and industrial context."

邰江表示，联合体采用“三个一”原则来适应不同文化和工作方式，即一个目标、一支团队、一种声音。

在优化扇区模块安装流程方面，中核工程联合体发挥了重要作用。2024年2月，该联合体通过新签合同正式接手模块安装工作以来，着手对过往经验进行系统梳理，并从文件管理到扇区内外表面诊断附件安装等各环节进行了改进。

The consortium has played a significant role in efforts to optimize the sector module assembly process. When the team took over module assembly through a contract signed in February 2024, it was able to review past experience and use lessons learned to improve systems for everything from document management to adding diagnostic attachments to the outer and inner surfaces of the sectors.

“我们尽最大可能优化关键路径有关工作，将大量串联工序改为并行推进，显著缩短了整体工期。”中核工程联合体副总经理、负责扇区预安装合同前两年管理的王鹏表示。

"We optimized the critical path activities as much as possible and performed much more work in parallel rather than sequentially. This allowed us to shorten the overall duration significantly," says Wang Peng, the Deputy Project Manager of the CNPE Consortium who oversaw the sector-sub assembly contract for the first two years.

据了解，该联合体负责的首个模块安装耗时7.4个月，包括从扇区进入工装到最终就位。如今这一周期已缩短至5.5个月。

Indeed, while it took 7.4 months for the consortium to complete its first module - from the arrival of the sector in tooling to its landing the tokamak pit - that process is now down to 5.5 months.

主机安装需要ITER与承包商之间开展精细的协调配合。图为ITER的马蒂厄·德梅耶尔(Mathieu Demeyere)(中)与SIMIC的菲利普·皮卢索(Philippe Piluso)及法马通的盖尔·哈迪(Gael Hardy)就扇区模块吊装的最终细节进行讨论。

随着安装效率的不断提升，计划最后一个扇区模块入坑时间已从2027年12月提前至2027年6月。“这是一项重大成果，因为节省的六个月时间可以为整体基线执行创造灵活性，也将为应对未来可能的技术挑战预留缓冲余地。”Jens Reich解释道。

As assembly efficiencies have improved, the expected date for transferring the final sector module into the pit has been advanced from December 2027 to June 2027. "This is a very good accomplishment because these extra six months create flexibility for the overall baseline and will serve as a margin to deal with any future technical challenges," explains Jens Reich.

经验积累正在形成良性循环，中核工程联合体也逐步参与到其他ITER主机安装有关工作中。核心团队参与该项目已近七年，过程中积累了丰富的技术与项目经验。对于主要负责健康、安全、环境监督及质量保证的法马通而言，团队的稳定性是成功的关键因素之一。

Lessons learned are also creating a virtuous cycle as the CNPE Consortium becomes involved in other parts of ITER machine assembly. The core team has now been with the project for nearly seven years, accumulating both technical expertise and project knowledge. For Framatome, which focuses primarily on health, safety, environmental oversight, and quality assurance, this continuity is one of the keys to success.

“我们能够将积累的知识与经验应用于ITER的所有工作中。”法马通的ITER项目负责人约翰-摩根·库莱(John-Morgan Coulet)表示。“面对如此长周期的项目，保持团队稳定、共同成长至关重要。”

"We have been able to apply that acquired knowledge and experience to all our activities at ITER," says John-Morgan Coulet, Framatome's project leader for ITER. "Keeping the same teams together and evolving together is important when dealing with such a long-term project."

连续性对未来工作同样至关重要。2027年最后一个扇区模块就位后，中核工程联合体还将面临其他关键节点，包括真空室的持续载荷转移和环向场线圈的预压紧。马年有尽时，托卡马克主机安装工作仍将继续奔腾向前。

This continuity will be essential moving forward. After the last sector module lands in the pit in 2027, other critical benchmarks await the CNPE Consortium such as the continued load transfer of vacuum vessels and the pre-compression of the toroidal field coils. Even when the Year of the Horse comes to an end, tokamak assembly will continue at a full gallop.

扇区模块安装优化关键内容之一是对真空室扇区内外壳体上数千个仪表及诊断附件进行高效焊接。图为中核工程联合体焊接团队于2026年5月在4号扇区模块吊装入坑前，开展最后一道焊缝的标记工作。